Functional Testing

Functional testing is a type of black box testing method that focuses on verifying the software system's functional requirements. It is a technique that validates whether the software system is functioning according to the specifications laid out in its requirements. Functional testing is used to ensure that the software application meets the end-users' needs and requirements.

Syntax

There is no particular syntax for functional testing as it involves user interaction with the software system to validate its functional requirements.

Example

Consider the following example of functional testing of a login form:

1. Open the login page of the application.
2. Verify that the login form is displayed.
3. Enter valid login credentials.
4. Verify that the user is logged in successfully.
5. Enter invalid credentials.
6. Verify that the error message is displayed.
7. Click on "Forgot password" link.
8. Verify that the password reset page is displayed.
9. Enter the registered email id for the account.
10. Verify that the password reset email is sent to the registered email id.
11. Open the password reset email and reset the password.
12. Verify that the password is reset successfully.
13. Login again using the new credentials.
14. Verify that the user is logged in successfully.

Output

The output of the functional testing will be a list of results that include pass/fail status for each test case. These results can be used to identify defects and improve the software's quality.

Explanation

Functional testing is performed to ensure that the system's functionality matches the requirements specified in the business requirements document. This type of testing involves testing the user interface, business logic, database, and other system components that make up the system's functionality. Functional testing is performed using black-box testing techniques where the tester does not have knowledge of the internal workings of the system.

Use

Functional testing is used to validate the system's functionality as per the business requirements and end-user needs. It is an essential component of the software testing life cycle to ensure a high-quality product that meets user expectations.

Important Points

• Functional testing validates whether the software system is functioning as per specifications and requirements.
• Functional testing can be done using manual testing or automated testing tools.
• It is important to perform functional testing in a production-like environment to identify defects early and avoid production issues.
• The objective of functional testing is to ensure that the end-users can use the system with ease and efficiently.

Summary

Functional testing is a type of black-box testing that is performed to verify the software system's functional requirements. It is the process of assessing the end-to-end functionality of the system and ensuring that it meets the user's needs and requirements. Functional testing is a critical component of software testing that ensures a high-quality product and a satisfactory user experience.