Cause-Effect Testing

Cause-Effect testing is a black-box testing technique that is also known as the Fishbone or Ishikawa diagram. It is a visual method of identifying all the possible causes of a problem or defect by analyzing the different factors or attributes involved. This technique helps to ensure that all possible causes of failures are identified and addressed.

Syntax

There is no specific syntax for conducting Cause-Effect Testing.

Example

In Cause-Effect Testing, a Fishbone diagram is typically used to identify the possible causes of a defect or problem. Consider the following example:

Here, the problem or effect is stated at the head of the diagram (in this case, defect in the product). The different factors that could be causing the defect are identified and connected to the main branch by smaller branches. These factors are typically grouped into categories, such as People, Process, Machine, Material and Environment.

Output

The output of Cause-Effect Testing in the form of a Fishbone diagram provides a visual representation of all the possible causes of a problem or defect.

Explanation

Cause-Effect Testing is based on the principle that every effect has a root cause or causes, and by identifying all the possible causes, the root cause of the defect or problem can be addressed. In the Fishbone diagram, the different factors that could be causing the defect or problem are identified and connected to the main branch by smaller branches. This helps in identifying the key factors that are impacting the quality of the product and the root cause of the problem is later rectified.

Use

Cause-Effect Testing can be used in the following scenarios:

• To identify the root cause of a problem or defect.
• To analyze and improve the quality of processes.
• To identify the strengths and weaknesses of a system.

Important Points

• The Fishbone diagram should be used collaboratively with the developers and testers to ensure that all possible causes of a problem or defect are identified.
• The diagram should be simple and easily understandable by all stakeholders.
• Testing teams should be trained on how to conduct Cause-Effect Testing and on how to interpret the Fishbone diagram.

Summary

Cause-Effect Testing is a visual technique that helps to identify all possible causes of a problem or defect. It is based on the principle that every effect has a root cause or causes, which need to be identified and rectified to address the problem. The Fishbone or Ishikawa diagram is a visual representation of this technique, which helps to identify the key factors causing the problem. Cause-Effect Testing can be used to analyze and improve the quality of processes, identify the root cause of a problem or defect, or identify the strengths and weaknesses of a system.