Program to Multiply two Matrices by Passing Matrix to a Function - (C Programs)

In C programming, it is common to work with matrices of data. Multiplying two matrices is a common operation that can be done efficiently using C. In this tutorial, we'll discuss a program that multiplies two matrices by passing them to a function.

Syntax

void matrix_multiply(int m, int n, int p, int q, int mat1[][MAX], int mat2[][MAX], int res[][MAX]);

• m - number of rows in the first matrix
• n - number of columns in the first matrix
• p - number of rows in the second matrix
• q - number of columns in the second matrix
• mat1 - the first matrix
• mat2 - the second matrix
• res - the resulting matrix

Example

#include <stdio.h>

#define MAX 10

void matrix_multiply(int m, int n, int p, int q, int mat1[][MAX], int mat2[][MAX], int res[][MAX]);

int main()
{
    int m, n, p, q, i, j;

    int mat1[MAX][MAX], mat2[MAX][MAX], res[MAX][MAX];
  
    printf("Enter the number of rows and columns of first matrix: ");
    scanf("%d %d", &m, &n);

    printf("Enter the elements of first matrix: ");
    for(i=0; i<m; i++)
    {
        for(j=0; j<n; j++)
        {
            scanf("%d", &mat1[i][j]);
        }
    }

    printf("Enter the number of rows and columns of second matrix: ");
    scanf("%d %d", &p, &q);

    if(n != p)
    {
        printf("Matrices cannot be multiplied!");
        return 0;
    }

    printf("Enter the elements of second matrix: ");
    for(i=0; i<p; i++)
    {
        for(j=0; j<q; j++)
        {
            scanf("%d", &mat2[i][j]);
        }
    }

    matrix_multiply(m, n, p, q, mat1, mat2, res);

    printf("Product of the matrices:\n");
    for(i=0; i<m; i++)
    {
        for(j=0; j<q; j++)
        {
            printf("%d\t", res[i][j]);
        }
        printf("\n");
    }

    return 0;
}

void matrix_multiply(int m, int n, int p, int q, int mat1[][MAX], int mat2[][MAX], int res[][MAX])
{
    int i, j, k;

    for(i=0; i<m; i++)
    {
        for(j=0; j<q; j++)
        {
            res[i][j] = 0;
            for(k=0; k<n; k++)
            {
                res[i][j] += mat1[i][k] * mat2[k][j];
            }
        }
    }
}

Output

Enter the number of rows and columns of first matrix: 2 3
Enter the elements of first matrix: 1 2 3 4 5 6
Enter the number of rows and columns of second matrix: 3 2
Enter the elements of second matrix: 7 8 9 10 11 12
Product of the matrices:
58      64
139     154

Explanation

This program multiplies two matrices by passing them to a function. The program prompts the user to enter the dimensions of the matrices and their elements. It then calls the matrix_multiply() function to perform the multiplication and stores the result in a new matrix. Finally, it prints the resulting matrix to the console.

Use

This program is useful whenever you need to multiply two matrices in C programming. It can be used in a variety of applications, from scientific computing to data analysis.

Summary

In this tutorial, we discussed a program that multiplies two matrices by passing them to a function in C programming. We covered the syntax, example, output, explanation, use, and importance of this program. By using this program, you can easily multiply two matrices in C and use the result for further computations.