C printf and scanf

Syntax

//printf
printf("format-string", argumentList);
//scanf
scanf("format-specifiers", &arguments);

Example

#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
   int num1,num2;
   printf("Enter two integers: ");
   scanf("%d %d", &num1, &num2);
   printf("Sum of %d and %d is %d", num1, num2, num1 + num2);
   return 0;
}

Output

The output of the above example will be:

Enter two integers: 10 20
Sum of 10 and 20 is 30

Explanation

C printf and scanf are two commonly used functions input/output operations in C programming.

• printf is a function used for outputting data to the console. It takes in a string format and a list of arguments as input and outputs the data in a formatted way to the console.

• scanf is a function used for reading data from the keyboard, file, or any other standard input device. It scans the data entered by the user and stores it in the memory location provided.

Use

The printf function is used to output data to the console in a formatted way. It can be used to output strings, integers, floating-point numbers, and other types of data.

scanf function is to read data from standard input in a specific format. It can data as integers, floating-point numbers, characters, and strings.

Important Points

• The printf function outputs data in a formatted way using a string format and a list of arguments.
• The scanf function reads data from standard input and stores them in a memory location provided to it.
• The format specifiers used in printf and scanf functions should match the type of the argument. For example, %d is used for integers, %f is used for floating-point numbers, and %c is used for characters.
• The scanf function requires the memory addresses of the variables to read data into. This is done by the use of the & operator.

Summary

C language printf and scanf functions are essential for input/output operations in C programming. The printf function outputs data to the console in a formatted way, while the scanf function is used to read data from standard input. Both printf and scanf functions use different format specifier characters to match the data type of the argument. Understanding the proper use and syntax of these functions is essential when it comes to writing successful C code.