C++ Strings

In C++, a string is an object that represents a sequence of characters. Strings can be manipulated using a variety of built-in functions and operators.

Syntax

#include <string>

std::string my_string = "Hello, world!";

Example

#include <iostream>
#include <string>

int main() {
    std::string my_string = "Hello, world!";
    std::cout << my_string << std::endl;

    my_string += " Welcome to C++ strings.";
    std::cout << my_string << std::endl;

    return 0;
}

Output

Hello, world!
Hello, world! Welcome to C++ strings.

Explanation

In the above example, we have defined a string variable called "my_string" and initialized it with the value "Hello, world!". We then use the += operator to concatenate another string onto "my_string" and print the result to the console.

Use

Strings have a wide range of uses in C++, such as:

• Storing and manipulating text data
• Parsing data from files or network streams
• Generating formatted output

#include <iostream>
#include <string>

int main() {
    std::string name, address, email;

    std::cout << "Enter your name: ";
    std::getline(std::cin, name);

    std::cout << "Enter your address: ";
    std::getline(std::cin, address);

    std::cout << "Enter your email: ";
    std::getline(std::cin, email);

    std::cout << "\n\n";
    std::cout << "Name: " << name << std::endl;
    std::cout << "Address: " << address << std::endl;
    std::cout << "Email: " << email << std::endl;

    return 0;
}

In this example, we use the std::getline function to read input from the user and store it into three different string variables. We then print out the values of these variables.

Important Points

• Strings are objects and can be manipulated using a variety of built-in functions and operators.
• String literals are enclosed in double quotes (").
• Strings in C++ are null-terminated.
• C++ provides the std::string class for working with strings.
• The std::getline function can be used to read input from the user.

Summary

In summary, strings in C++ are a powerful tool for working with text data. They can be initialized with literals, concatenated with other strings, and manipulated using a wide range of built-in functions and operators. The std::string class provides a convenient and efficient way to work with strings in C++.